Coffee wastewater can be purified with Vetiver grass for less than $100

Communities downstream, reliant on these water sources for drinking and household use, face serious health risks. Contaminated water brings diseases and diminishes the quality of life. In this pressing context, a sustainable and natural solution has been discovered: using Vetiver grass to treat coffee wastewater.

xử lý nước thải cà phê Vetiver

Coffee production, especially through the washed processing method, yields high-quality beans but often comes with an unintended consequence: wastewater loaded with pollutants. This wastewater contains high levels of organic compounds, suspended solids, and chemicals like tannins, phenolics, and alkaloids. With a pH as low as 3.5, coffee wastewater is highly acidic and exhibits excessive Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) levels. When discharged untreated into the environment, it severely impacts nearby rivers and water bodies, depleting oxygen, increasing eutrophication, and leading to chemical pollution that degrades aquatic ecosystems.

According to The Vetiver Network International, Vetiver grass, with its deep and robust root system, not only prevents soil erosion but also excels in absorbing and filtering pollutants in wastewater. The system involves a straightforward structure: a 30 cm layer of gravel for drainage, topped with a 20 cm layer of sand for filtration, and finally, a surface layer of soil where Vetiver grass is planted. As wastewater passes through this system, Vetiver grass absorbs and purifies contaminants before they can spread into the surrounding environment.

Unlike traditional methods such as settling pits, which risk overflow or seepage into groundwater, Vetiver systems operate more efficiently and safely. These systems not only naturally treat wastewater but also create green, eco-friendly habitats.

Artificial wetlands planted with Vetiver have shown remarkable results. Research indicates that these systems can reduce BOD in wastewater by 70% to 90% and COD by 60% to 85%. Total Suspended Solids (TSS) levels drop by up to 80%, while total nitrogen and phosphorus—two primary contributors to water eutrophication—are reduced by 50%–70% and 40%–70%, respectively.

Moreover, this solution is highly cost-effective. Vetiver grass treatment systems are easy to build and maintain, making them suitable for coffee farmers in developing regions. With just 12 square meters of land, an average coffee farm can efficiently treat its wastewater for under $100, including Vetiver grass, compost, and PVC piping.

Considering its simplicity, affordability, and efficiency, Vetiver grass may indeed be the optimal solution to the coffee wastewater challenge. What do you think? Could this be a sustainable game-changer for the coffee industry?

Information sourced from Stir-tea-coffee, TechnoServe, and Vetiver Network International.

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